The Pluralist Views of American Democracy

To create a practicable plan, says Woodward (1995), the Clintons created a task force that was, at least initially, smooth of dissimilar individuals representing disparate points of view.

Rauch (1994) commented that Bill Clinton was put into office by an electorate that was, regardless of its differences and commonalities, generally frustrated with the failure of Washington and its leadership to solve problems. To address this concern, Clinton is said by Woodward (1994) as attempting, as in the case of his economic plan, to garner bipartisan support. In this effort, Clinton found (as had umpteen others before him) that to gain consensus on bingle part of a plan, he had to give way on another. To that end, his various retreats from a single focus to a much diverse and varied set of strategies for meeting the needs of competing groups (the put class demanding changes in welfare policy, the poor demanding revolutionary value breaks, the business community and the affluent also speaking for impose reform) can be considered as some(prenominal) politics and pluralism. Woodward (1995) suggests that Clinton's "populism" was maven of the underpinnings of his agenda, and that this is demonstrated in his attacks on the banks and "big business," which were nevertheless interpreted into consideration in his policy setting process.

intercourse and many others (including the various key appointees of Clinton's executive staff) also participated in

setting the agenda or at least in realizing or rejecting its components. Nevertheless, as Rauch (1994) has suggested, a sort of governmental stratification occurred as the Clintons were seen as failing to satisfy their various constituencies.

Clinton waffled, so to speak, on the issues dear to the hearts of the Congressional blackness Caucus; he antagonized labor with his unshakable support for NAFTA, fire the welfare rights and gay rights groups with his policies on "their" issues, and also failed to present the Congress with the kind of economic plan that they had anticipated (Woodward, 1995). However, as Woodward (1995) recounts, Clinton and his married woman believed that a pluralist approach to gaining support was needed; to that end, they drew upon commentary from a surprising and not always congruent mix of advisors.

While it is possible to view Clinton's approach to American democracy as either stratificationist or hyperpluralist, the pluralist perspective is ultimately roughly clearly supported by Woodward (1995). Even Rauch (1994) tends to agree, noting that as both president and candidate, Bill Clinton offered more-for-everybody promises, but ultimately became a staunch advocate of real politic whose reforms were nowhere nearly as sweeping as initially promised. Clinton's policies, says Rauch (1994), led to the creation of new interest groups and the gai
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